Calligraphy is one of the original Iranian arts in which the efforts of calligraphers in the dissemination of lyrical and educational literature are important. Literary themes such as educational, mystical, enduring, reproachful, Qalandari, ethical, symbolic, ideological, lyrical, political and social, mythological, literary commitment, etc. have always been of interest in Iranian art. Discovering the obvious and hidden relationships between literary texts and calligraphic texts can familiarize us with the attitude that the artist had at that time.
In this study, Gerard Genette's theoretical approach to transtextuality is used to classify the calligraphic works of Mir Emad Qazvini, a famous artist of the Safavid era, in terms of concepts and semantic systems, in order to understand the mystery hidden in these works by studying the intertextual and hypertextual relationships between these literary and artistic texts. The main issue of this research is to identify literary themes in the artist's calligraphy pieces in order to identify the co-presence and involvement relationships between the genres of poetry and calligraphy with Iranian culture and literature. The objectives of this research focus on identifying textual relationships based on literary themes used in the artist's calligraphy based on Genette's approach. The main question of the research is what is the relationship between the formal and semantic nature of Mir Emad's calligraphy in relation to the selection of literary themes?
In conclusion, this research can point to the supratextual, intertextual, and hypertextual relationship between the visual text and the literary pretext, and the formal system and semantic system of Mir Emad's cross calligraphy works can be read in relation to the realization of literary themes hidden in the pretext of the poems. Transtextual relationships in the dimensions of form and meaning in works of art with pretexts can reveal the hidden layers of the dimensions of form and content and reveal the influence and impact of texts on each other. The nature of this research is developmental and was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method based on Gerard Genette's transtextuality approach.