نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 نویسنده مسئول: دانشیار گروه باستان شناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، واحد ورامین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ورامین، ایران
2 گروه باستان شناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی،واحد ورامین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، ورامین، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Every cultural effect has an internal message that is made based on societies' needs and beliefs and has two perceptual and structural aspects. The structural aspect of the effect is simple and free of cultural and social considerations but the perceptive aspect is created under the influence of cultural, social, and political factors. Hence, symbology can be used to analyze mythological motifs. One of the most repeated motifs in Mesopotamian art is the motif of scepter, which is seen in the hands of goddesses and gods. The purpose of this research is to the typology of the scepter motif in Mesopotamian seals to understand the position of gods and goddesses in the art of this society. This research has been done through documentary research with a descriptive and analytical approach.The data was collected based on two catalogs of cylinder seals from William-Moore and the catalog of the Hungarian Museum of History and Art. The results show that the motif of the scepter can be seen in the hands of goddesses and gods from the Sumerian period to the ancient Babylonian period which are different from each other and each of them has a unique scepter in his hand according to the mythological character. Since the ancient Babylonian period, with Hammurabi gaining power, we see changes in the religious and social system of Mesopotamia, which was characterized by a change of the earlier democratic divine.Ishtar loses her religious status. From ancient Babylon to New Assyria, scepters are in the hands of gods and kings, which include sickle-shaped scepters, three-pronged thunderbolts, wedge-headed scepters, and scepters and rings. In the Neo-Assyrian period, we see the return of Ishtar in cylinder seals, but there is no scepter in her hand. She is depicted with a star symbol and a stone ring in her hand.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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